Effect of stratified doses of Murraya Koenigii on brain antioxidant status of Wistar Rats treated with Clozapine

Abstract

Clozapine is considered as the most potent antipsychotic medication for managing refractory schizophrenia. However, Clozapine may contribute to oxidative stress within the forebrain. Given that Murraya koenigii leaves are abundant in flavonoids and phenolic compounds, they possess significant free radical scavenging capabilities. Leaves were collected from southern parts of Goa, processed for extraction using Soxhlet extraction method with three solvents namely chloroform, methanol and water. The antioxidant property was evaluated in vitro using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP assays along with determination of MDA levels in all the three extracts. This study aims to examine possible outcome of Murraya koenigii on the Clozapine-induced oxidative stress in rats given saline, Clozapine, and Clozapine plus chloroformic extract of Murraya koenigii for 28 days. The brain was isolated and homogenized for the determination of Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Glutathione peroxidase and lipid peroxidation assay. Our findings confirm the existence of hydrophilic polyphenolic compounds that contribute to the enhanced reducing capacity, along with elevated levels of flavonoids that are responsible for the ABTS and DPPH scavenging activities of the chloroform extract. In the clozapine-treated control group, oxidative stress was evident, characterized by a significant raise in MDA levels, simultaneously decreasing the levels of SOD, CAT and GPx when compared to the normal control. The CEMK-treated group exhibited an antioxidant effect, significantly reducing MDA levels and increasing antioxidant enzyme levels in comparison to the clozapine control subject in a dose dependent manner. So, this investigation makes it clear that the chloroform extract of Murraya koenigii leaves might significantly reduce the high levels of oxidative stress markersinduced by the antipsychotic drug clozapine.