Endomycorrhizal association of Funneliformis mosseae with transformed roots of Linum usitatissimum: germination, colonization, and sporulation studies

Abstract

Spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Funneliformis mosseae (Nicolson & Gerdemann) Walker & Schuessler were cultured in association with transformed roots of Linum usitatissimum L. (Linaceae) for the first time on modified Strullu Romand medium (pH 5.5) in monoxenic culture. Germ tubes emerged through the spore wall in 88% of spores after 5 days. Hyphal contact with transformed linum roots was observed 5 days after co-cultivation. Paris-type arbuscules and hyphal coils were seen. Extra-radical branched absorbing structures were common. Terminal and intercalary secondary spores were also formed. Spore viability when assessed using vital dye staining (MTT test) was 83%. Secondary spores that proved viable were subsequently transferred from in vitro to in vivo culture where Arum-type arbuscules, intra-radical intercellular hyphae, and extra-radical spores were observed. The procedure established shows potential in AM inoculum mass production and possibility in application.